Common Causes

Physical Activity

Dehydration and over-exertion are common causes of cramps during exercise. When you’re dehydrated, electrolyte levels in your body drop, which can lead to muscle cramps.

Age
As people get older, they lose muscle mass. The remaining muscle has to work harder. Starting in your early 40s, if you’re not regularly active, muscles can get stressed more easily, leading to cramps.

Medical Conditions
Muscle cramps can be more common in people with medical conditions such as diabetes or liver disease. People with diabetes are at risk for peripheral neuropathy, a condition that causes damage to the nerves in your fingers and toes. When these nerves don’t function properly, you can experience pain and cramping. If your liver isn’t working correctly, it can’t filter toxins from the blood. The buildup of toxins can also lead to muscle cramps and spasms.

Medications
For some people, certain medications contribute to muscle cramps. These can include diuretics and cholesterol-lowering medications, such as statins and nicotinic acid.

Mineral Deficiency
Having too little sodium, potassium, calcium, or magnesium in your body might be the source of your cramps. These minerals are all important for muscle and nerve function as well as blood pressure.

Source: healthline

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