What is a Sprained Foot?
Is a Damage or Tearing of the Connective Tissue
A sprained foot is a condition characterized by damage or tearing of the connective tissue (such as ligaments, cartilage and joint capsule) of one or more joints of the foot.
The rear foot comprises of 7 bones collectively known as the tarsals. The mid foot comprises of 5 long bones known as the metatarsals. The toes each comprise of several small bones known as the phalanges. Each bone within the foot attaches to the adjacent bones forming joints. Each of these joints comprises of strong connective tissue wrapping around the bony ends and cartilage which lies between the joint surfaces, cushioning the impact of one bone on another during activity.
During certain movements of the foot or activities such as landing from a jump (particularly on an uneven surface or with the foot in an awkward position) or rolling an ankle, stretching or compression forces are placed on the joints of the foot. If these forces are excessive due to too much repetition or high force, injury to the joints may occur. This may involve damage to the cartilage or tearing to the connective tissue surrounding the joint. When this occurs, the condition is known as a sprained foot and may affect one or more joints.
Causes of a sprained foot
A sprained foot typically occurs due to a specific incident involving a forceful twisting or bending movement of the foot (normally during weight bearing). This may occur during activities such as jumping (especially following an awkward landing), running (especially with change of direction or on uneven surfaces), gymnastics and contact sports such as football (often due to a collision). Foot sprains are also relatively common in windsurfers who have their feet strapped in and suddenly move forward over one foot. They may also occur in association with a rolled ankle.
Occasionally, a sprained foot will occur due to repetitive strain associated with overuse. This may be the case in patients who perform repetitive activities involving end of range movements of the foot and are more common in patients with unstable foot types such as flat feet.
Source: physioadvisor
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